What is the term for the flow of electrons through a material?

The flow of electrons through a material is defined as "current." In electrical terminology, current specifically refers to the movement of electric charge, typically carried by electrons in a conductor. It is measured in amperes (A) and represents the amount of charge that flows through the conductor over a given time period.

Understanding current is fundamental in electrical circuits since it dictates how much electrical energy is transferred from one point to another. For example, in a circuit powered by a battery, the current indicates how many electrons are moving from the battery through the wires and into the load, such as a light bulb or motor.

Voltage relates to the potential difference that drives the current; resistance quantifies how much a material opposes the flow of current, and power is the rate at which electrical energy is consumed or generated. However, none of these terms describe the actual flow of electrons, which is why "current" is the correct choice for this question.